Fa-hien (Faxian), the Chinese pilgrim, travelled to India during the reign of

Correct Option

Fa-hien (Faxian), a Chinese Buddhist monk, travelled to India during the reign of Chandragupta II (c. 375–415 CE). Chandragupta II, also known as Vikramaditya, presided over a period often considered the zenith of the Gupta Empire's prosperity and cultural achievements. Fa-hien's primary objective was to collect Buddhist scriptures and observe monastic practices in their land of origin. His extensive travels covered northern India, including significant Buddhist sites such as Pataliputra, Lumbini, Kapilavastu, and Kushinagar. His travelogue, "A Record of Buddhist Kingdoms" (Fo-Kwo-Ki), offers crucial insights into the political stability, urban life, social customs, and religious conditions of India during the Gupta period.

Incorrect Options

• Samudragupta (Option 1): He was an earlier ruler of the Gupta dynasty (c. 335–375 CE), known for his extensive military conquests and cultural patronage. Fa-hien's visit occurred during the reign of his successor, Chandragupta II.
• Kumaragupta I (Option 3): He succeeded Chandragupta II (c. 415–455 CE). Fa-hien had already concluded his travels and returned to China before Kumaragupta I ascended the throne.
• Skandagupta (Option 4): He ruled after Kumaragupta I (c. 455–467 CE) and is notable for his successful defense against the Huna invasions. Fa-hien's visit significantly predates his reign.