UPSC CSE Prelims 2018
(c) Maitreya is a Bodhisattva who, according to Buddhist tradition, is prophesied to appear on Earth in the future. He will achieve complete enlightenment and teach the pure Dhamma, thereby becoming the next Buddha to succeed Gautama Buddha. His arrival is associated with a golden age of spiritual renewal.
(a) Avalokiteshvara: This Bodhisattva embodies the compassion of all Buddhas. He is widely revered in Mahayana Buddhism and is known by various names and forms across different Buddhist traditions.
(b) Lokesvara: This is an alternative name for Avalokiteshvara, signifying 'Lord of the World' or 'Lord who looks down'. It emphasizes his role as a protector and guide for beings in the world.
(d) Padmapani: This is a specific manifestation or form of Avalokiteshvara, often depicted holding a lotus flower (padma) in his hand. The lotus symbolizes purity, compassion, and spiritual unfolding, making Padmapani a significant icon in Buddhist art and iconography.