With reference to Rowlatt Satyagraha, which of the following statements is/are correct?

Correct Option (b):

The Rowlatt Act, officially known as the Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919, was enacted based on the recommendations of the Sedition Committee. This committee, headed by Justice S.A.T. Rowlatt, was appointed in 1918 to assess revolutionary conspiracies and recommend measures to deal with them. Therefore, statement 1 is correct.

Mahatma Gandhi initiated the Rowlatt Satyagraha in 1919 against this act. To organize and mobilize the protest, he sought to utilize various existing networks, including the Home Rule League, certain Pan-Islamist groups, and a newly formed Satyagraha Sabha in Bombay (February 1919). Therefore, statement 2 is correct.

Incorrect Options:

Statement 3 is incorrect. The Rowlatt Satyagraha took place in 1919. The demonstrations against the arrival of the Simon Commission occurred much later, primarily in 1928, when the commission arrived in India. These two events are separated by nearly a decade and thus did not coincide.

Option (a) is incorrect because statement 2 is also correct.

Option (c) is incorrect because statement 3 is factually wrong.

Option (d) is incorrect because statement 3 is factually wrong.