UPSC CSE Prelims 2006

Correct Option (c):

The Ikshvaku rulers of Southern India, particularly in the Krishna-Guntur region of Andhra Pradesh, were primarily followers of Brahmanism. They actively supported Vedic rituals and deities, and their inscriptions often reflect a stance that was not conducive to the growth of Buddhism. Historical evidence suggests their orientation was antagonistic towards Buddhist practices, making statement 1 correct.

The Pala rulers, who governed large parts of Eastern India (Bengal and Bihar) from the 8th to the 12th centuries, were staunch patrons of Buddhism, especially the Mahayana school. They played a significant role in the revival and spread of Buddhism in the region. Notable contributions include the establishment and patronage of major Buddhist monastic universities like Nalanda and Vikramashila. Thus, statement 2 is correct.

Since both statements 1 and 2 are factually accurate, option (c) is the correct answer.

Incorrect Options:

Option (a) 1 only: This option is incorrect because statement 2, which asserts the Pala rulers' patronage of Buddhism, is also correct.

Option (b) 2 only: This option is incorrect because statement 1, which describes the Ikshvaku rulers' antagonism towards Buddhism, is also correct.

Option (d) Neither 1 nor 2: This option is incorrect as both statements 1 and 2 are factually accurate regarding the religious policies of the respective dynasties.