UPSC CSE Prelims 2001

Correct Option

The Bhakti movement, spanning from the 13th to the 17th century, saw the emergence of numerous saints from various social strata, including those from marginalized communities. These saints challenged existing social hierarchies by emphasizing devotion (bhakti) over ritualistic practices, making spirituality accessible to all. The correct matches between the Bhakti saints and their traditional professions are:

• A. Namdev: A prominent figure in the Varkari tradition of Maharashtra, Namdev was a tailor by profession. He is known for his devotional songs (Abhangs) dedicated to Vithoba.
• B. Kabir: A leading proponent of Nirguna Bhakti, Kabir was a weaver (Julaha). His teachings critically examined the orthodoxies of both Hinduism and Islam, advocating for a formless God.
• C. Ravidas: Belonging to the Chamar community, Ravidas was a cobbler. He preached social equality and devotion to a casteless God. His verses are also included in the Guru Granth Sahib.
• D. Sena: Sena was a barber by profession and a disciple of Ramananda. His bhajans emphasize selfless love for the divine.

Based on these matches, the correct combination is A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1.

Incorrect Options

Options (1), (3), and (4) contain incorrect pairings of Bhakti saints with their professions. For example, Option (1) incorrectly matches Namdev with Weaver and Kabir with Tailor. Option (3) incorrectly matches Ravidas with Barber. Option (4) also presents several mismatches. The accurate professional affiliations for each saint are detailed in the explanation for the correct option.