Modern History : Socio-Religious Reform Movements In 19th-Century India
Consider the following statements:
Which of these statements are correct?
Statement 3 is correct. Keshab Chandra Sen, a prominent leader of the Brahmo Samaj, actively championed social reforms including women's education, widow remarriage, and the abolition of child marriage. His tenure marked an intensified period of social activism for the Brahmo Samaj.
Statement 4 is correct. Vinoba Bhave established the Sarvodaya Samaj, a movement rooted in Gandhian principles, aiming for the welfare and upliftment of all sections of society. While its scope was broad, encompassing land reforms (Bhoodan-Gramdan) and rural reconstruction, its comprehensive approach to community service and social justice naturally extended to vulnerable groups, including refugees, particularly in the post-Partition era.
Statement 1 is incorrect. The Arya Samaj was founded in 1875 by Swami Dayananda Saraswati in Bombay, not in 1835. Its philosophy was based on the authority of the Vedas and advocated for social reforms.
Statement 2 is incorrect. Lala Lajpat Rai was a dedicated member and leader of the Arya Samaj. He supported the organization's reliance on Vedic authority for its social reform agenda and actively propagated its ideals, rather than opposing them.