UPSC CSE Prelims 1997

Correct Option

• A. Moplah Revolt (1921) occurred in Malabar, present-day Kerala. It was a peasant uprising primarily by Mappila Muslims against landlords and British authorities.
• B. Pabna Revolt (1873-1876) took place in the Pabna district of East Bengal (now Bangladesh). It was an agrarian movement against the oppressive practices of zamindars, particularly concerning rent enhancement.
• C. Eka Movement (1921-1922) was a peasant movement in the Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh. It aimed to resist high rents, oppression by landlords, and forced labour (begar).
• D. Birsa Munda Revolt (Ulgulan, 1899-1900) occurred in the Chotanagpur Plateau, which was then part of Bihar (now Jharkhand). It was a tribal rebellion led by Birsa Munda against British land policies, missionary activities, and forced labour.

Incorrect Options

The other options contain incorrect pairings of the revolts with their respective geographical locations. The Moplah and Pabna revolts were significant agrarian movements primarily against landlord oppression and British revenue policies. The Eka movement was a peasant uprising, while the Birsa Munda revolt was a prominent tribal rebellion against colonial exploitation and interference in tribal life.