Ancient History : Jainism And Buddhism

Q 32 / 33

UPSC CSE Prelims 1997

In the Mahayana Buddhism, the Bodhisatva Avalokitesvara was also known as:

EXPLANATION

Correct Option

In Mahayana Buddhism, Avalokitesvara is revered as the Bodhisattva of Compassion. He is frequently depicted holding a lotus flower (Padma) in his hand (Pani), which gives him the name Padmapani. Avalokitesvara embodies the principle of Karuna (compassion) and represents the commitment to postpone one's own nirvana to assist all sentient beings in achieving enlightenment.

Incorrect Options

  • Vajrapani: This Bodhisattva represents the power and protection of the Buddha. He is typically depicted holding a vajra (thunderbolt), symbolizing indestructible power.

  • Manjusri: This Bodhisattva symbolizes transcendental wisdom (Prajna). He is often shown holding a flaming sword, which cuts through ignorance, and a book, representing the Prajnaparamita Sutra.

  • Maitreya: This figure is revered as the future Buddha, who is prophesied to appear on Earth in the distant future to achieve complete enlightenment and teach the pure dharma.

SOURCEAncient India by R.S. Sharma, Chapter 13: Buddhism and Jainism